European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization

Short-circuit currents in three-phase a.c. systems - Part 0: Calculation of currents
 N EN 60909-0

Annotation

This part of IEC 60909 is applicable to the calculation of short-circuit currents

• in low-voltage three-phase AC systems, and

• in high-voltage three-phase AC systems, operating at a nominal frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz.

Systems at highest voltages of 550 kV and above with long transmission lines need special consideration.

This part of IEC 60909 establishes a general, practicable and concise procedure leading to results which are generally of acceptable accuracy. For this calculation method, an equivalent voltage source at the short-circuit location is introduced. This does not exclude the use of special methods, for example the superposition method, adjusted to particular circumstances, if they give at least the same precision. The superposition method gives the short-circuit current related to the one load flow presupposed. This method, therefore, does not necessarily lead to the maximum short-circuit current.

This part of IEC 60909 deals with the calculation of short-circuit currents in the case of balanced or unbalanced short circuits.

A single line-to-earth fault is beyond the scope of this part of IEC 60909.

For currents during two separate simultaneous single-phase line-to-earth short circuits in an isolated neutral system or a resonance earthed neutral system, see IEC 60909-3.

Short-circuit currents and short-circuit impedances may also be determined by system tests, by measurement on a network analyser, or with a digital computer. In existing low-voltage systems it is possible to determine the short-circuit impedance on the basis of measurements at the location of the prospective short circuit considered. The calculation of the short-circuit impedance is in general based on the rated data of the electrical equipment and the topological arrangement of the system and has the advantage of being possible both for existing systems and for systems at the planning stage.