ASTM D5819 Standard Guide for Selecting Test Methods for Experimental Evaluation of Geosynthetic Durability
Данный раздел/документ содержится в продуктах:
- Техэксперт: Машиностроительный комплекс
- Картотека зарубежных и международных стандартов
- DIN EN 13251 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in earthworks, foundations and retaining structures (includes Amendment A1:2015)
- DIN EN ISO 13438 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Screening test method for determining the resistance to oxidation (ISO 13438:2004)
- DIN EN 13249 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in the construction of roads and other trafficked areas (excluding railways and asphalt inclusion) (includes Amendment A1:2015)
- DIN EN 12225 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Method for determining the microbiological resistance by a soil burial test; English version of DIN EN 12225
- DIN EN 13252 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in drainage systems (includes Amendment A1:2015)
- CEN CEN/TR 15019 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - On-site quality control
- CEN EN 13250 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in the construction of railways - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- ISO 12236 Geosynthetics Static puncture test (CBR test) - Second Edition
- BSI BS EN 13251 + A1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products — Characteristics required for use in earthworks, foundations and retaining structures - AMD: February 28, 2015
- CEN EN ISO 13426-1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Strength of internal structural junctions - Part 1: Geocells
- CEN EN 13252 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in drainage systems - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- CEN EN ISO 9862 Geosynthetics - Sampling and preparation of test specimens
- ISO 9863-1 Geosynthetics Determination of thickness at specified pressures Part 1: Single layers - First edition; Cancels and replaces ISO 9863:1990
- BSI BS EN ISO 13428 Geosynthetics Determination of the protection efficiency of a geosynthetic against impact damage
- ISO 9863-1 Geosynthetics Determination of thickness at specified pressures Part 1: Single layers - First edition; Cancels and replaces ISO 9863:1990
- CEN EN ISO 9862 Geosynthetics - Sampling and preparation of test specimens
- CEN EN 13252 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in drainage systems - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- CEN EN ISO 13426-1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Strength of internal structural junctions - Part 1: Geocells
- BSI BS EN 13251 + A1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products — Characteristics required for use in earthworks, foundations and retaining structures - AMD: February 28, 2015
- ISO 12236 Geosynthetics Static puncture test (CBR test) - Second Edition
- CEN EN 13250 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in the construction of railways - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- CEN CEN/TR 15019 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - On-site quality control
- DIN EN 13252 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in drainage systems (includes Amendment A1:2015)
- DIN EN 12225 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Method for determining the microbiological resistance by a soil burial test; English version of DIN EN 12225
- DIN EN 13249 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in the construction of roads and other trafficked areas (excluding railways and asphalt inclusion) (includes Amendment A1:2015)
- DIN EN ISO 13438 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Screening test method for determining the resistance to oxidation (ISO 13438:2004)
- DIN EN ISO 13438 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Screening test method for determining the resistance to oxidation (ISO 13438:2004)
- DIN EN 13249 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in the construction of roads and other trafficked areas (excluding railways and asphalt inclusion) (includes Amendment A1:2015)
- DIN EN 12225 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Method for determining the microbiological resistance by a soil burial test; English version of DIN EN 12225
- DIN EN 13252 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in drainage systems (includes Amendment A1:2015)
- CEN CEN/TR 15019 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - On-site quality control
- CEN EN 13250 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in the construction of railways - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- ISO 12236 Geosynthetics Static puncture test (CBR test) - Second Edition
- BSI BS EN 13251 + A1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products — Characteristics required for use in earthworks, foundations and retaining structures - AMD: February 28, 2015
- CEN EN ISO 13426-1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Strength of internal structural junctions - Part 1: Geocells
- CEN EN 13252 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in drainage systems - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- CEN EN ISO 9862 Geosynthetics - Sampling and preparation of test specimens
- ISO 9863-1 Geosynthetics Determination of thickness at specified pressures Part 1: Single layers - First edition; Cancels and replaces ISO 9863:1990
- BSI BS EN ISO 13428 Geosynthetics Determination of the protection efficiency of a geosynthetic against impact damage
- ISO 9863-1 Geosynthetics Determination of thickness at specified pressures Part 1: Single layers - First edition; Cancels and replaces ISO 9863:1990
- CEN EN ISO 9862 Geosynthetics - Sampling and preparation of test specimens
- CEN EN 13252 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in drainage systems - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- CEN EN ISO 13426-1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Strength of internal structural junctions - Part 1: Geocells
- BSI BS EN 13251 + A1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products — Characteristics required for use in earthworks, foundations and retaining structures - AMD: February 28, 2015
- ISO 12236 Geosynthetics Static puncture test (CBR test) - Second Edition
- CEN EN 13250 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in the construction of railways - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- CEN CEN/TR 15019 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - On-site quality control
- DIN EN 13252 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in drainage systems (includes Amendment A1:2015)
- DIN EN 12225 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Method for determining the microbiological resistance by a soil burial test; English version of DIN EN 12225
- DIN EN 13249 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in the construction of roads and other trafficked areas (excluding railways and asphalt inclusion) (includes Amendment A1:2015)
- DIN EN 13249 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in the construction of roads and other trafficked areas (excluding railways and asphalt inclusion) (includes Amendment A1:2015)
- DIN EN 12225 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Method for determining the microbiological resistance by a soil burial test; English version of DIN EN 12225
- DIN EN 13252 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in drainage systems (includes Amendment A1:2015)
- CEN CEN/TR 15019 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - On-site quality control
- CEN EN 13250 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in the construction of railways - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- ISO 12236 Geosynthetics Static puncture test (CBR test) - Second Edition
- BSI BS EN 13251 + A1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products — Characteristics required for use in earthworks, foundations and retaining structures - AMD: February 28, 2015
- CEN EN ISO 13426-1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Strength of internal structural junctions - Part 1: Geocells
- CEN EN 13252 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in drainage systems - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- CEN EN ISO 9862 Geosynthetics - Sampling and preparation of test specimens
- ISO 9863-1 Geosynthetics Determination of thickness at specified pressures Part 1: Single layers - First edition; Cancels and replaces ISO 9863:1990
- BSI BS EN ISO 13428 Geosynthetics Determination of the protection efficiency of a geosynthetic against impact damage
- ISO 9863-1 Geosynthetics Determination of thickness at specified pressures Part 1: Single layers - First edition; Cancels and replaces ISO 9863:1990
- CEN EN ISO 9862 Geosynthetics - Sampling and preparation of test specimens
- CEN EN 13252 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in drainage systems - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- CEN EN ISO 13426-1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Strength of internal structural junctions - Part 1: Geocells
- BSI BS EN 13251 + A1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products — Characteristics required for use in earthworks, foundations and retaining structures - AMD: February 28, 2015
- ISO 12236 Geosynthetics Static puncture test (CBR test) - Second Edition
- CEN EN 13250 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in the construction of railways - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- CEN CEN/TR 15019 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - On-site quality control
- DIN EN 13252 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in drainage systems (includes Amendment A1:2015)
- DIN EN 12225 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Method for determining the microbiological resistance by a soil burial test; English version of DIN EN 12225
- DIN EN 12225 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Method for determining the microbiological resistance by a soil burial test; English version of DIN EN 12225
- DIN EN 13252 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in drainage systems (includes Amendment A1:2015)
- CEN CEN/TR 15019 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - On-site quality control
- CEN EN 13250 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in the construction of railways - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- ISO 12236 Geosynthetics Static puncture test (CBR test) - Second Edition
- BSI BS EN 13251 + A1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products — Characteristics required for use in earthworks, foundations and retaining structures - AMD: February 28, 2015
- CEN EN ISO 13426-1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Strength of internal structural junctions - Part 1: Geocells
- CEN EN 13252 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in drainage systems - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- CEN EN ISO 9862 Geosynthetics - Sampling and preparation of test specimens
- ISO 9863-1 Geosynthetics Determination of thickness at specified pressures Part 1: Single layers - First edition; Cancels and replaces ISO 9863:1990
- BSI BS EN ISO 13428 Geosynthetics Determination of the protection efficiency of a geosynthetic against impact damage
- ISO 9863-1 Geosynthetics Determination of thickness at specified pressures Part 1: Single layers - First edition; Cancels and replaces ISO 9863:1990
- CEN EN ISO 9862 Geosynthetics - Sampling and preparation of test specimens
- CEN EN 13252 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in drainage systems - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- CEN EN ISO 13426-1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Strength of internal structural junctions - Part 1: Geocells
- BSI BS EN 13251 + A1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products — Characteristics required for use in earthworks, foundations and retaining structures - AMD: February 28, 2015
- ISO 12236 Geosynthetics Static puncture test (CBR test) - Second Edition
- CEN EN 13250 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in the construction of railways - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- CEN CEN/TR 15019 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - On-site quality control
- DIN EN 13252 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in drainage systems (includes Amendment A1:2015)
- DIN EN 13252 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in drainage systems (includes Amendment A1:2015)
- CEN CEN/TR 15019 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - On-site quality control
- CEN EN 13250 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in the construction of railways - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- ISO 12236 Geosynthetics Static puncture test (CBR test) - Second Edition
- BSI BS EN 13251 + A1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products — Characteristics required for use in earthworks, foundations and retaining structures - AMD: February 28, 2015
- CEN EN ISO 13426-1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Strength of internal structural junctions - Part 1: Geocells
- CEN EN 13252 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in drainage systems - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- CEN EN ISO 9862 Geosynthetics - Sampling and preparation of test specimens
- ISO 9863-1 Geosynthetics Determination of thickness at specified pressures Part 1: Single layers - First edition; Cancels and replaces ISO 9863:1990
- BSI BS EN ISO 13428 Geosynthetics Determination of the protection efficiency of a geosynthetic against impact damage
- ISO 9863-1 Geosynthetics Determination of thickness at specified pressures Part 1: Single layers - First edition; Cancels and replaces ISO 9863:1990
- CEN EN ISO 9862 Geosynthetics - Sampling and preparation of test specimens
- CEN EN 13252 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in drainage systems - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- CEN EN ISO 13426-1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Strength of internal structural junctions - Part 1: Geocells
- BSI BS EN 13251 + A1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products — Characteristics required for use in earthworks, foundations and retaining structures - AMD: February 28, 2015
- ISO 12236 Geosynthetics Static puncture test (CBR test) - Second Edition
- CEN EN 13250 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in the construction of railways - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- CEN CEN/TR 15019 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - On-site quality control
- CEN CEN/TR 15019 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - On-site quality control
- CEN EN 13250 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in the construction of railways - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- ISO 12236 Geosynthetics Static puncture test (CBR test) - Second Edition
- BSI BS EN 13251 + A1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products — Characteristics required for use in earthworks, foundations and retaining structures - AMD: February 28, 2015
- CEN EN ISO 13426-1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Strength of internal structural junctions - Part 1: Geocells
- CEN EN 13252 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in drainage systems - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- CEN EN ISO 9862 Geosynthetics - Sampling and preparation of test specimens
- ISO 9863-1 Geosynthetics Determination of thickness at specified pressures Part 1: Single layers - First edition; Cancels and replaces ISO 9863:1990
- BSI BS EN ISO 13428 Geosynthetics Determination of the protection efficiency of a geosynthetic against impact damage
- ISO 9863-1 Geosynthetics Determination of thickness at specified pressures Part 1: Single layers - First edition; Cancels and replaces ISO 9863:1990
- CEN EN ISO 9862 Geosynthetics - Sampling and preparation of test specimens
- CEN EN 13252 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in drainage systems - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- CEN EN ISO 13426-1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Strength of internal structural junctions - Part 1: Geocells
- BSI BS EN 13251 + A1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products — Characteristics required for use in earthworks, foundations and retaining structures - AMD: February 28, 2015
- ISO 12236 Geosynthetics Static puncture test (CBR test) - Second Edition
- CEN EN 13250 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in the construction of railways - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- CEN EN 13250 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in the construction of railways - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- ISO 12236 Geosynthetics Static puncture test (CBR test) - Second Edition
- BSI BS EN 13251 + A1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products — Characteristics required for use in earthworks, foundations and retaining structures - AMD: February 28, 2015
- CEN EN ISO 13426-1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Strength of internal structural junctions - Part 1: Geocells
- CEN EN 13252 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in drainage systems - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- CEN EN ISO 9862 Geosynthetics - Sampling and preparation of test specimens
- ISO 9863-1 Geosynthetics Determination of thickness at specified pressures Part 1: Single layers - First edition; Cancels and replaces ISO 9863:1990
- BSI BS EN ISO 13428 Geosynthetics Determination of the protection efficiency of a geosynthetic against impact damage
- ISO 9863-1 Geosynthetics Determination of thickness at specified pressures Part 1: Single layers - First edition; Cancels and replaces ISO 9863:1990
- CEN EN ISO 9862 Geosynthetics - Sampling and preparation of test specimens
- CEN EN 13252 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in drainage systems - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- CEN EN ISO 13426-1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Strength of internal structural junctions - Part 1: Geocells
- BSI BS EN 13251 + A1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products — Characteristics required for use in earthworks, foundations and retaining structures - AMD: February 28, 2015
- ISO 12236 Geosynthetics Static puncture test (CBR test) - Second Edition
- ISO 12236 Geosynthetics Static puncture test (CBR test) - Second Edition
- BSI BS EN 13251 + A1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products — Characteristics required for use in earthworks, foundations and retaining structures - AMD: February 28, 2015
- CEN EN ISO 13426-1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Strength of internal structural junctions - Part 1: Geocells
- CEN EN 13252 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in drainage systems - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- CEN EN ISO 9862 Geosynthetics - Sampling and preparation of test specimens
- ISO 9863-1 Geosynthetics Determination of thickness at specified pressures Part 1: Single layers - First edition; Cancels and replaces ISO 9863:1990
- BSI BS EN ISO 13428 Geosynthetics Determination of the protection efficiency of a geosynthetic against impact damage
- ISO 9863-1 Geosynthetics Determination of thickness at specified pressures Part 1: Single layers - First edition; Cancels and replaces ISO 9863:1990
- CEN EN ISO 9862 Geosynthetics - Sampling and preparation of test specimens
- CEN EN 13252 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in drainage systems - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- CEN EN ISO 13426-1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Strength of internal structural junctions - Part 1: Geocells
- BSI BS EN 13251 + A1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products — Characteristics required for use in earthworks, foundations and retaining structures - AMD: February 28, 2015
- BSI BS EN 13251 + A1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products — Characteristics required for use in earthworks, foundations and retaining structures - AMD: February 28, 2015
- CEN EN ISO 13426-1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Strength of internal structural junctions - Part 1: Geocells
- CEN EN 13252 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in drainage systems - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- CEN EN ISO 9862 Geosynthetics - Sampling and preparation of test specimens
- ISO 9863-1 Geosynthetics Determination of thickness at specified pressures Part 1: Single layers - First edition; Cancels and replaces ISO 9863:1990
- BSI BS EN ISO 13428 Geosynthetics Determination of the protection efficiency of a geosynthetic against impact damage
- ISO 9863-1 Geosynthetics Determination of thickness at specified pressures Part 1: Single layers - First edition; Cancels and replaces ISO 9863:1990
- CEN EN ISO 9862 Geosynthetics - Sampling and preparation of test specimens
- CEN EN 13252 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in drainage systems - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- CEN EN ISO 13426-1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Strength of internal structural junctions - Part 1: Geocells
- CEN EN ISO 13426-1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Strength of internal structural junctions - Part 1: Geocells
- CEN EN 13252 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in drainage systems - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- CEN EN ISO 9862 Geosynthetics - Sampling and preparation of test specimens
- ISO 9863-1 Geosynthetics Determination of thickness at specified pressures Part 1: Single layers - First edition; Cancels and replaces ISO 9863:1990
- BSI BS EN ISO 13428 Geosynthetics Determination of the protection efficiency of a geosynthetic against impact damage
- ISO 9863-1 Geosynthetics Determination of thickness at specified pressures Part 1: Single layers - First edition; Cancels and replaces ISO 9863:1990
- CEN EN ISO 9862 Geosynthetics - Sampling and preparation of test specimens
- CEN EN 13252 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in drainage systems - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- CEN EN 13252 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in drainage systems - Incorporates Amendment A1: 2015
- CEN EN ISO 9862 Geosynthetics - Sampling and preparation of test specimens
- ISO 9863-1 Geosynthetics Determination of thickness at specified pressures Part 1: Single layers - First edition; Cancels and replaces ISO 9863:1990
- BSI BS EN ISO 13428 Geosynthetics Determination of the protection efficiency of a geosynthetic against impact damage
- ISO 9863-1 Geosynthetics Determination of thickness at specified pressures Part 1: Single layers - First edition; Cancels and replaces ISO 9863:1990
- CEN EN ISO 9862 Geosynthetics - Sampling and preparation of test specimens
- CEN EN ISO 9862 Geosynthetics - Sampling and preparation of test specimens
- ISO 9863-1 Geosynthetics Determination of thickness at specified pressures Part 1: Single layers - First edition; Cancels and replaces ISO 9863:1990
- BSI BS EN ISO 13428 Geosynthetics Determination of the protection efficiency of a geosynthetic against impact damage
- ISO 9863-1 Geosynthetics Determination of thickness at specified pressures Part 1: Single layers - First edition; Cancels and replaces ISO 9863:1990
- ISO 9863-1 Geosynthetics Determination of thickness at specified pressures Part 1: Single layers - First edition; Cancels and replaces ISO 9863:1990
- BSI BS EN ISO 13428 Geosynthetics Determination of the protection efficiency of a geosynthetic against impact damage
- BSI BS EN ISO 13428 Geosynthetics Determination of the protection efficiency of a geosynthetic against impact damage
- BSI BS EN ISO 9863-1 Geosynthetics - Determination of Thickness at Specified Pressures - Part 1: Single layers
- BSI BS EN ISO 10318 Geosynthetics - Terms and definitions
- BSI DD ISO/TS 13434 Geosynthetics - Guidelines for the assessment of durability
- ASTM D5819 Standard Guide for Selecting Test Methods for Experimental Evaluation of Geosynthetic Durability
- ASTM D5397 Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Stress Crack Resistance of Polyolefin Geomembranes Using Notched Constant Tensile Load Test
- DIN EN 13251 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in earthworks, foundations and retaining structures (includes Amendment A1:2015)
- Картотека зарубежных и международных стандартов
ASTM International
Standard Guide for Selecting Test Methods for Experimental Evaluation of Geosynthetic Durability
N D5819
Annotation
This guide covers a designer/specifier through a systematic determination of those factors of the appropriate application environment that may affect the post-construction service life of a geosynthetic. Subsequently, test methods are recommended to facilitate an experimental evaluation of the durability of geosynthetics in a specified environment so that the durability can be considered in the design process.
This guide is not intended to address durability issues associated with the manufacturing, handling, transportation, or installation environments.
Автоматический перевод:
Типичный гид для отбора методов испытаний для экспериментальной оценки длительности Geosynthetic
Это руководство покрывает разработчика/спецификатор посредством систематического определения тех факторов соответствующей среды приложения, которая может влиять на срок службы постконструкции geosynthetic. Впоследствии, методам тестирования рекомендуют упростить экспериментальную оценку длительности geosynthetics в указанной среде так, чтобы длительность можно было рассмотреть в процессе проектирования.



